In India, Sugarcane is an important commercial crop and holds a prominent position as a cash crop; Sugarcane is the main source of sugar & jaggery. India is the world’s second-largest producer of sugar. It is one of the most important food-cum-cash crops grown in the country; sugarcane farming employs a larger number of people & also a significant role in earning foreign exchange.
Botanical Name and Economic Uses of Sugarcane in India
Family: Gramineae
Botanical Name: Saccharum officinarum
Climatic Condition for Sugarcane Farming: – Sugarcane is a tropical plant, and it is a long duration crop; and thus, it encounters all the seasons’ viz., rainy, winter and summer during its life cycle. The Sugarcane plant grows best in tropical hot sunny areas.
Top 10 Sugarcane Producing States: 2014-2015
1 Uttar Pradesh 138481
2 Maharashtra 81870
3 Karnataka 41895
4 Tamilnadu 24463
5 Bihar 14131
6 Gujarat 14060
7 Andhra Pradesh+ Telangana 13150
8 Haryana 7650
9 Punjab 7039
10 Uttarakhand 6135
Source :
Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture
Sugarcane Varieties
CoS.687, CoPant.84211, CoJ.64, CoLk.8001, Co.1148, CoS.767, CoS.802, CoC.671, CoC.85061, Co.8021, Co.6304, Co.1148, CoJ.79, CoS.767, Co.740, CoM.7125, Co.7527, CoC.671, Co.740, Co.8014, Co.7804, Co.740, Co.8338, Co.6806, Co.6304, Co.7527, Co.6907, Co.7805, Co.7219, Co.7805, Co.8011
Suitable Soil for Sugarcane Farming:
Soil testing is important before sugarcane plantation. It helps in understanding the optimum quantity of macro and micronutrient requirements
A well-drained, deep, loamy soil with soil pH is about 6.5, but sugarcane can tolerate a considerable degree of soil acidity and alkalinity. Hence, it is found growing in soils with pH in the range of 5 to 8.5.
Sugarcane Planting Seasons across India:-
Time of Sugarcane Planting
| Planting | Time | Duration | Av. Yield |
| Suru / Eksali / Seasonal | 15th Jan – 15th Feb. | 12 months | 100 tons/ha. |
| Pre-seasonal | Oct – Nov | 15 months | 125 tons/ha. |
| Adsali | July – Aug | 18 months | 150 tons/ha. |
sugarcane plantation methods
There is a vast number method for a sugarcane plantation, in India, there is four method use for sugarcane plantation.
- Ridge and furrow method.
- Rayungan method.
- Trench or Jawa method
- Flatbed method
Fertilizer
Sugarcane is a long duration crop, so he required high quantity manner & fertilizer • The 25 to 50 tons of FYM/ha is applied during the preparation of land.
- The recommended doses of fertilizers for Pre-seasonal Plantation, Seasonal Plantation and
- Adsali Plantation for sugarcane crop is given below.
Fertilizers:
- Fertilizer Dose for Pre-seasonal Plantation (Dose per Hectare)
| Time of Application | N (kg) | P (kg) | K (kg) | FYM |
| 1) At the time of planting (10 % N, 50 % P & K) | 35 | 85 | 85 | 35 tons/ha. |
| 2) 6-8 weeks after (40 % N) | 140 | – | – | |
| 3) 8-12 weeks after (10% N) | 35 | – | – | |
| 4) 20-24 weeks after (40% N, 50% P & K) | 140 | 85 | 85 | |
| Total | 350 | 170 | 170 | 35 |
- Fertilizer Dose for Seasonal Plantation (Dose per Hectare)
| Time of Application | N (kg) | P (kg) | K (kg) | FYM |
| 1) At the time of planting (10% N, 50% P & K) | 25 | 62 | 62 | 25 tons/ha |
| 2) 6-8 weeks after (40% N) | 100 | – | – | |
| 3) 8-12 weeks after (10% N) | 25 | – | – | |
| 4) 20-24 weeks after (40% N, 50 % P & K) | 100 | 63 | 63 | |
| Total | 250 | 125 | 125 | 25 |
- Fertilizer Dose for Adsali Plantation (Dose per Hectare)
| Time of Application | N (kg) | P (kg) | K (kg) | FYM |
| 1) At the time of planting (10% N, 50 % P & K) | 45 | 85 | 85 | 50 tons/ha. |
| 2) 6-8 weeks after (40% N) | 180 | – | – | |
| 3) 8-12 weeks after (10% N) | 45 | – | — | |
| 4) 20-24 weeks after (40% N, 50% | 180 | 85 | 85 | |
| Total | 450 | 170 | 170 | 50 |
Dear Mr. Amar ,
Kindly provide your contact details .
I would like to connect back with you as I want to come back to India and start Polyfarming or Greenhouse farming